For individuals who rely on intermittent catheterization, choosing the right catheter can make a significant difference in comfort, health, and overall quality of life. One important feature to be considered is a catheter’s coating. Hydrophilic catheters are a newer option that many patients prefer due to their advanced coating, which can reduce friction and help protect sensitive urethral tissue.
Unlike traditional catheters, which require lubricant to be added before use, hydrophilic catheters become slippery when activated by water or another liquid. Some are even pre-hydrated in their packaging for greater convenience. This feature not only makes insertion smoother but can also reduce the risk of urethral trauma and infections over time.
To help explain the benefits, considerations, and practical use of hydrophilic catheters, we spoke with expert Amy Landrum, AGNP-C.
Q: Can you explain what hydrophilic catheters are and how they differ from traditional catheters?
Amy Landrum: Hydrophilic catheters have a special coating applied during manufacturing that makes them very slippery when activated by water or another liquid. This means you don’t need to apply additional lubricant. The coating draws in liquid, stays slippery going in and coming out, and helps prevent trauma to the urethra.
Traditional, uncoated catheters don’t have this coating, so lubricant must be applied before insertion to reduce the risk of damaging the delicate urethral tissues. In addition, manually applying lubrication (versus catheters that are pre-lubricated) may increase the opportunity for bacteria to be transferred into the urethra, increasing the chance of urinary tract infection (UTI).
Tip: Learn more about differences between uncoated vs. hydrophilic catheters.
Q: What are the main benefits of hydrophilic catheters?
Amy Landrum: One of the biggest benefits is consistency. Because the coating stays slippery, hydrophilic catheters reduce trauma to the urethra and may lower the risk of infections over time. Unlike lubricant, which can wear off or leave some areas dry, the coating remains consistent throughout use. Studies have shown that using hydrophilic catheters can decrease the risk of urethral trauma and associated complications.
They can also be easier to handle for some people, and certain models include a gripper or insertion sleeve to help those with dexterity challenges maintain a secure hold without compromising the coating.
Tip: Check out the HydraBalance Hydrophilic Catheter, designed for easier handling, comfort, and convenience.
Q: Why would someone choose a traditional catheter instead of a hydrophilic one?
Amy Landrum: Honestly, it usually comes down to personal preference and dexterity. Some people are totally comfortable sticking with what they know and using lubricant and traditional catheters, and they don’t have any issues. For others, especially those with limited hand function from conditions like arthritis or paralysis, hydrophilic catheters can feel too slippery. In those cases, using a catheter with a gripper or trying different hydrophilic brands can help.
Tip: If you're unsure which type fits your needs, ABC Medical’s team can help you compare options and request samples.
Q: How are hydrophilic catheters activated?
Amy Landrum: It depends on the style. Some come pre-hydrated, so you literally open the package and they’re ready to go. Others have a little water packet inside—you pop it, gently shake the package, and the coating activates. There are a few different formulations out there too, so some use fluids other than water. The important thing is knowing how your catheter works so you get a smooth activation and avoid any spills.
Tip: See the breadth of options we have to offer in our catheter supplies.
Q: Are there any special considerations for travel or active lifestyles?
Amy Landrum: Definitely. Pocket-sized versions are available, which are more compact, discreet, and convenient for carrying in a purse, backpack, or briefcase. Some people use these exclusively, while others alternate between regular and pocket-sized packaging depending on the situation. Also, some hydrophilic catheters contain more liquid in the packaging, so you need to be careful when opening them to avoid spills. Some brands have very little extra fluid in the packaging, which makes them even more convenient.
Tip: Hollister catheters with Hydrabalance™ Lubricating Technology (hydrophilic) have less fluid in the packaging.
Q: What reassurance would you give to someone who’s new to using catheters?
Amy Landrum: It’s completely normal to feel nervous—it’s a new way of going to the bathroom, and it can feel intimidating at first. But you’re absolutely not alone. People have been using catheters for a long time, and it becomes a routine that you can get comfortable with.
It’s a skill you can learn and get better at over time. Don’t hesitate to ask questions or speak with your healthcare provider if something isn’t working right. Peer support can also be incredibly helpful—there are many people who use catheters and have tips and tricks to share that can make daily life easier.
Hydrophilic catheters offer a safer, more comfortable alternative for many people who rely on intermittent catheterization. Understanding the types, activation methods, and practical considerations can help users choose the best option for their needs.
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Disclaimer: This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For medical advice, please speak with your healthcare provider.
Sources:
- Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). (2024, May). Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ (CMS’) Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) Level II Final Coding, Benefit Category and Payment Determination, B1 2024 HCPCS coding cycle
- Li L, et al. Impact of hydrophilic catheters on urinary tract infections in people with spinal cord injury: systematic review and meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(4):782‑787. DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.11.010
- Ginsberg, D. A., et al. (2021). The AUA/SUFU guideline on adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: Treatment and follow‑up. The Journal of Urology, 206(5), 1106–1113.;
- Stensballe, J., et al. (2005). Hydrophilic-coated catheters for intermittent catheterisation reduce urethral micro trauma: A prospective, randomised, participant-blinded, crossover study of three different types of catheters. European Urology, 48(6), 978–983
- Feng, D., et al. (2020). Outcomes comparison of hydrophilic and non-hydrophilic catheters for patients with intermittent catheterization: An updated meta-analysis. Asian Journal of Surgery, 43(5), 633–635.
- Liao, X., et al. (2022). Effects of hydrophilic coated catheters on urethral trauma, microtrauma and adverse events with intermittent catheterization in patients with bladder dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Interna tional Urology and Nephrology, 54(7), 1461–1470
- Plata M., et al. Hydrophilic versus non-hydrophilic catheters for clean intermittent catheterization: a meta-analysis to determine their capacity in reducing urinary tract infections. World J Urol. 2022. 41(2), 491–499. Doi: 10.1007/s00345-022-04235-5
- Rognoni C, Tarricone R. Intermittent catheterisation with hydrophilic and non‑hydrophilic urinary catheters: systematic literature review and meta‑analyses. BMC Urol. 2017;17:4
- Barken, K.B., & Vaabengaard, R. (2022). A scoping review on the impact of hydrophilic versus non-hydrophilic intermittent catheters on UTI, QoL, satisfaction, preference, and other outcomes in neurogenic and non-neurogenic patients suffering from urinary retention. BMC Urol, 22, 153. doi: 10.1186/s12894-022-01102-8
